Incubator.



Patented Dec. 23, H102.

N.. S. &. L. V. S. CUNUVEB.

IN C U B A T0 R.

(Application med nu. 2, 1901;)

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NATHAN S. OONOVER AND LLOYD V. S. CONOVER, OF CLINTON, NEVV JERSEY.

INCUBATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters .Patent No. 716,670, dated December 23, 1902. Application led March 2, 1901. Serial No. 49,653. (N6 model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that we, NATHAN S. CoNovnR and LLOYD V. S. Conovnn, citizens of the United States, residing at Clinton, in the county ofHunterdon and State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in Incubatore, of which the following is a speciication.

Our invention is an improvementon those incubators in which a hot-air drumand iiue are used in addition to the heating-pipe through which the products of combustion arising from the heater are passed for the purpose of heating the incubator.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a device of the character described in which a uniform degree of heat will be maintained at all times during the processor1r hatching the eggs, and a further object is to provide means whereby the products of combustion from the heating agent will be car-- ried oft and prevented from coming in contact therewith. f

Further objects as well as the peculiar construction of this invention will be clearly described in the following description, recited in the claim, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal central sectional View of an incubator constructed in accordance with our invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-section. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. iis an enlarged detail view of the incubator-heater chambers. Y

provided with non-conducting packings of asbestos and designated' by the reference-numerals 3 and/JC. Similar non-conducting packings 5 and 6 are also provided in the ends and are inclosed by suitable partitions.

Positioned in the bottom of the casing and near one end thereof is the heating device, which consists of an inverted hollow frustum ofa cone, providinga main combustion-chamber 7, in which the products of combustion Aare permitted to rise and diverge as they ascend from a lamp (not shown) connected `with the lower end thereof. From this combustion-chamber projects at the outer side of :the top thereof an outlet pipe or chimney 8, extending through the top of the casing. An inverted hollow frustum of a cone provides lan auxiliary combustion-chamber 9, in which some of the products of combustion are permitted to rise. This auxiliary combustionchamber is formed integral with the cone 7 and inclosed by a hot-air drum 10, which extends upwardly to a point slightly above the center of the vcasing and has a transverse throat or discharge end l1 at its upper eX- tremity. A metallic Wall 12 surrounds the heaftin g device above described. Within this wall we pack non-conducting material13,preferably asbestos. An elbow-pipe 14, having a downwardly-extending limb or joint 15, A*

combustion which pass through said pipe 17 In line with the pipe 17 is a short pipe 1-9, in which is sleeved a perforated cap 16, whereby the draft in the pipe 17 can be regulated.

A metallic hot-air conduit (designated by y the reference-numeral 20) is positioned immediately below the pipe 17 and extends nearly the entire length of the casing l. This conduit is connected at its lower edges to a board, so as to form a rectangular heating-A flue communicating with a transverse boX- like chamber 2l, having an open bottom to permit the heat to pass down into the body of the incubator and through the eggs positioned on the egg-containing screen 22. The

" bottom of the transverse vbox-like chamber 21 is provided with a double layer of felt, (desig- ICC nated by the numerals 23 and 24,) the lower one extending to a distance slightly in excess of the middle of the casing and is secured to a longitudinal box-like chamber 21, depending from horizontal partitions 2lb, and to a vertical partition 25 by a suitable batten 26. This partition 25 has a double Wall, between which is a packing of asbestos 27. The heat which passes off from the pipe 17 accumulates in the upper part of the casing and passes down through the slots 28 and 29, between the horizontal partitions 21b and the longitudinal conduit 20, through the chamber 21, and is ltered through the felt layer 23. A cloth partition 30 is arranged beneath the egg-carrying screen and in a measure retards the progress of the heat, so as to confine the air at a given temperature in the hatching-chamber provided by means of the felt partition 25 and the cloth partition just referred to. However, the draft caused by opening the door 31 in the end of the casing will cause excess of heat to pass through said cloth partition 30 and thence through an opening 32 in the partition 25, thence around an air-chamber 33, surrounding the casing 12, through an opening 32L into the hollow end, and thence into the ends of and out through the opening 34, which can be closed or opened by the double door 31.

On one side of the casing andy confined Within the hatching-chamber 35 we arrange a thermostat 36, comprising an intermediate strip, to each side of which is bolted or riveted diaphragm-strips 37 and 38. Projecting upwardly from these strips and secured in suitable perforations is a threaded rod 39, which extends through the top of the casing and carries at each end threaded taps 40 and 41, respectively. The tap 40 on the bottom end of the rod is designed for the purpose of adjusting the thermostat so as to actuate the rod at a predetermined temperature. The tap 41 is provided for the purpose of affording an adjusting device for the pivoted damper-lever 42, Working on suitable journalbearings 43 on the standard 44. On the rear end of this lever we provide an adjusting compensating Weight 45, while on the other end'is positioned a disk damper 46, adapted to fit over the tube or chamber 8.

The outlet-pipes 47 and 48 in the corners of the casing communicate with the chamber 18 and are for the purpose of carrying off an excess of heat as well as the products of combustion Which might pass through the pipe 17.

In actual practice a lamp or other heating mediu m will be placed directly under the bottom of the combustion-chamber 7, and the chimney thereof will extend up Within said combustion-chamber. The smoke and other products of combustion will pass up through the pipe or chimney 8 until the pipe 17 is reached. The current of air caused by the outlet-pipes 47 and 48 will direct the products through said pipe 17 and into the chamber 18. By. reason ofthe fact that the pipe 17 is positioned in the center longitudinal of the casing the heat will be equally distributed on both sides thereof, and part of the heat will pass down through the slots 28 and 29 into the hatching-chamber 35 after passing through the felt layers or` partitions 23 and 24. The heat generated in the drum 10 will also pass into the rectangular pipe positioned immediately below the pipe 17 and will also distribute the heat equally on both sides of the casing. The heated air will pass down through the egg-containing screen and after passing through the partition 30 will pass 0E into the outer air, as explained hereinbefore. If, however, the excess of heat occurs within the incubator, such as would endanger the successful hatching of the eggs, the thermostat 36 will be expanded, so as to actuate the .rod 39, and thereby cause the disk damper 46 to beunseated from the top of the chimney 8, and thereby permit the products to pass into the open air without permitting the same to enter the pipes hereinbefore referred to. As soon as the normal temperature is obtained Within the incubator the thermostat will contract and again permit the disk 46 to be seated, and the heat will be conducted through the proper channels until such time as an excess occurs, when the superfluous amount will be again exhausted.

While we have specifically described in detail what to us at this time appears to be the very best means of accomplishing the desired result, we would have it understood that slight changes or alterations might be made in minor details of construction and Without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of this device. For instance, for convenience in assembling the parts we arrange the lthermostat to one side of the casing; but it is obvious that this thermostat might be positioned at any point intermediate the sides and still be effective. Other changes might also be made Without departing from the spirit of our invention, and We therefore do not conne ourselves strictly to the exact construction shown.

What we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The combination with an incubator comprising communicating hatching and heating chambers, of a heating device having a main chamber with which a lamp may be connected, a vertical pipe connected with the main chamber, an auxiliary chamber surmounting the top of the main chamber, a longitudinal outlet-pipe extending from said vertical pipe 'over the hatching-chamber, a transverse box located over the hatchingchamber at the end opposite to the heating device and hav-V ing outlets at the corners with which the outlet-pipe communicates, a hot-air drum surrounding the auxiliary chamber, a fresh air pipe connected to the said drum, a longi- IOO IIO

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tudinai hot-air pipe extending` from the drum, In testimony whereof We affix our signea longitudinal conduit extending from a, point tures in presence of two Witnesses.

over the hatching-chamber and having a bot- NATHAN S. CONOVER. tom-opening with which the said longitudinal l LLOYD V. S. CONOVER. hot-air pipe communicates, and a transverse l Witnesses:

chamber located beneath the opening of the N. S. CONOVER, Jr.,

hot-air conduit and having a. filter-cloth. 1 EDW. B. EAKLEY. 

